The Samoa Agreement, which serves as the framework for European Union relations with African, Caribbean, and Pacific countries, is a significant development in promoting human rights, democracy, and economic growth. This agreement replaces the previous partnership framework, the Cotonou Agreement, which was adopted in 2000. The Cotonou Agreement was initially set to expire in February 2020 but has been extended until the Samoa Agreement came into force.
The new partnership agreement was signed on November 15, 2023, by the EU and its member states, as well as the African, Caribbean, and Pacific countries. It covers a wide range of areas, including democracy and human rights, sustainable economic growth and development, climate change, human and social development, peace and security, and migration and mobility.
Under the agreement, the parties commit to strengthening institutions, promoting the exchange of best practices, and facilitating knowledge transfer and sharing. They also aim to strengthen the resilience of countries and communities, particularly vulnerable populations, in the face of environmental and climate change-related challenges, economic shocks, conflicts, political crises, and epidemics.
The parties recognize the importance of respect for democracy, human rights, fundamental freedoms, and the rule of law in achieving sustainable development. They commit to promoting universal respect for and observance of human rights and fundamental freedoms for all, without discrimination. The agreement also emphasizes the need to address gender inequality and promote women’s empowerment as a driver for sustainable development.
Good governance is another essential element of the Samoa Agreement. The parties agree to ensure transparent, responsible, accountable, and participatory governments, as well as to combat corruption at all levels. They commit to the transparent and accountable management of resources and the creation of an enabling environment for transparency and accountability in public administration.
The agreement also addresses conflicts and crises, non-proliferation of weapons, serious crimes, and organized crime. The parties agree to cooperate in preventing and addressing the root causes of conflicts and instability, countering the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, and combating terrorism and organized criminal activities.
In conclusion, the Samoa Agreement represents a comprehensive and forward-looking partnership between the European Union and African, Caribbean, and Pacific countries. It aims to promote human rights, democracy, economic growth, and sustainable development, while addressing global challenges and fostering cooperation in various areas.
